Manager Development - 6498 Words

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 3C (MANAGER DEVELOPMENT/BUM 321) ASSIGNMENT 1 Question 1 a) The roles of management are the four basic management functions (planning, organising, leading and controlling) and six additional management functions (decision making, communication, coordination, delegation and disciplining). The basic management functions are the most important steps in the management process and are performed consecutively during each activity during the simultaneous performance of different elements of the management function. The six additional management functions are usually performed in some or other combination with the four basic management functions. Planning The first phase of planning involves a conscious†¦show more content†¦It helps them at some extent predict what people will do under various conditions. Influence environment They must be able to influence the environment in which they work thy need to master the practices that influence organisational events. The six additional management functions also constitute behaviour of a successful manager, namely: Decision making Decision making is the process whereby alternative solutions to a problem are purposefully considered and the best alternative is chosen after considering the consequences and advantages or disadvantages of each alternative. Decision making cam be seen as the most important of the additional management functions, because it can mean the difference between profit and loss, and even between the success and failure of a business. Because decision making deals with the present and the future and with probabilities and uncertainties, the decision maker should carefully weigh up the consequences of each alternative before making a decision. Communication Communication is the transfer of a message by any means and is concerned with the activities of the business between two or more persons and or to the relationship between the people involved. Communication plays a particularly important role in all management functions since it provides the information necessary for work performance. The wayShow MoreRelatedEssay on Unit 5001 Personal Development as a Manager and Leader4486 Words   |  18 PagesCMI Unit 5001 Personal Development as a Manager and Leader CONTENTS †¢ Personal development as a Manager and Leader o Background and Context o Planning for personal and professional development o Planning resources required for Personal Development o Implementation and Evaluation of the Personal Development Plan o Promote healthy and safe working practices †¢ Appendices o 1 - Maslow’s HierarchyRead MoreUnit 5001 Personal Development as a Manager and Leader Essay10584 Words   |  43 PagesPersonal Development as a Manager Leader Author: Liz Oram Kent County Council 16th December 2011 Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 3 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 3 Section 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 3 Section 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 5 Section 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 7 Section 4†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 10 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 12 Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreRole of Training and Development Manager1039 Words   |  5 PagesRole of a Training and Development Manager To meet the challenges set by the rapid transformations in the technology and business operations, the work force need to be aware of the changeover and its impact on his work. 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Performance is the required skills to completeRead MoreProfessional Development for Strategic Managers4130 Words   |  17 PagesBTECH EXTENDED DIPLOMA IN STRATEGIC CHANGE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR STRATEGIC MANAGERS (UNIT 2) EDEXCEL BTECH LEVEL 7 ZOHAIB HUSSAIN KAZI LCAM / PB / 10454 PRESENTED AS A PART OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF ADVANCE PROFESSIONAL DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT LEVEL 7 SEPTEMBER 2010. TASK – 1 A. 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Student name: Prerana Joshi Student Id: 2512 Edexcel â€Å"Level 7† Introduction 2 Task 1 3 1.1 Strategic skills required of the leader to achieve the strategic ambitions. 4 1.2 Strategic direction of the organisation. 5 Task 2 6 2.1 Relationship between existing, required and future skills to achieve the strategic ambitions. 6 2.2 Opportunities to support leadership development. 7 Task 3 8 3.1 A personal development

Essay Educational Theory of Teaching Writing - 1834 Words

When I first encountered Paulo Freire’s work, I was struck with the hypocrisy of my own teaching. I had deluded myself into thinking, to a certain extent, that I was creating a democratic and equal space that was free from the influence of. It was a stark reminder last year when I encountered Richard Shaull’s introduction to Peter Freire’s The Pedagogy of the Oppressed. He writes, â€Å"There is no such things as a neutral educational process. Education either functions as an instrument that is used to facilitate the integration of the younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity to it, or it becomes the ‘practice of freedom,’ the means by which men and women deal critically and creatively with reality and†¦show more content†¦At that point in time, I leaned more towards Peter Elbow’s theories of teaching writing. I wanted to actualize the budding writers in my classes, and the philosophy seemed to fit many of the reasons why I entered into the world of teaching. When I first started working in writing lab at a large suburban school, Elbow’s work seemed to work perfectly with the students with whom I was teaching. However, after this large public school experience, I found myself in a small private competitive prep school where there was an emphasis on expository prose. I think that at that phase I was still able to work in some of Elbow’s ideal in conjunction with what the school asked me to do. Then, I came to my current position, and somehow, over the past six years, I have changed as a teacher. Somewhere along the way, I think I started to lose my own philosophy of grading writing. The pressure to grade competitively at my independent school is palpable, and somehow, I let my guard down and become enmeshed in the opposite of Elbow’s teaching. I found myself talking about the weaknesses that I found in my student’s writing, and I focused on the negative instead of the positives. I became a more challenging grader, and I focused entirely on expository prose work in my upper level classes to the exclusion of including creative pieces. In my evaluations from last year, my honorsShow MoreRelatedESL Program Application Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pages I am writing to apply for the position of ESL Program Director in the ESL Program at Marietta College. I hold a doctoral of philosophy in Foreign, Second, and Multilingual Language Education (within the TESOL program) with an interdisciplinary specialization in Educational Technology from the Ohio State University (OSU). Moreover, I have experience in teaching EFL and ESL learners English and in administration. 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Hamlet And Revenge Essay Example For Students

Hamlet And Revenge Essay Revenge has caused the downfall of many a person. Its consuming nature causes one to act recklessly through anger rather than reason. Revenge is an emotion easily rationalised; one turn deserves another. However, this is a very dangerous theory to live by. Throughout Hamlet, revenge is a dominant theme. Fortinbras, Laertes, and Hamlet all seek to avenge the deaths of their fathers. But in so doing, all three rely more on emotion than thought, and take a very big gamble, a gamble which eventually leads to the downfall and death of all but one of them. King Fortinbras was slain by King Hamlet in a sword battle. This entitled King Hamlet to the land that was possessed by Fortinbras because it was written in a seald compact. †¦our valiant Hamlet-for so this side of our known world esteemd him-did slay this Fortinbras. Young Fortinbras was enraged by his father’s murder and sought revenge against Denmark. He wanted to reclaim the land that had been lost to Denmark when his father was killed. †¦Now sir, young Fortinbras†¦as it doth well appear unto our state-but to recover of us, by strong hand and terms compulsative, those foresaid lands so by his father lost†¦ Claudius becomes aware of Fortinbras’ plans, and in an evasive move, sends a message to the new King of Norway, Fortinbras’ uncle. The king forbade Fortinbras to wage an attack against Denmark, and instead suggested he attack the Poles to vent his anger. Fortinbras agreed to the plan, but had no intentions of following it. Polonius was King Hamlet’s advisor and the father of Ophelia and Laertes, both of whom respected and loved him, despite his arrogant demeanour. Young Hamlet murdered Polonius accidentally, thinking him to be the king eves dropping on a conversation between Hamlet and his mother. How now! A rat? Dead, for a ducat, dead! Laertes returned home immediately after hearing of his fathers death and confronted the King, accusing him of the murder of his father. Once Claudius told Laertes that Hamlet was responsible for his fathers death, he and Claudius concoct a scheme to kill Hamlet using a poison tipped sword. †¦Hamlet, thou art slain†¦The treacherous instrument is in thy, unbated and envenomd†¦ Hamlet does indeed die as a result of wounds inflicted by Laertes, but it is the poisoned tipped sword that causes the demise of Laertes as well. King Hamlet ruled Denmark and was the father of Hamlet. He had been slain by Claudius, his brother, who had since laid claim to the throne. While Hamlet mourned, he encountered the ghost of his father, who made him aware that his death had in fact been murder, and the guilt laid squarely on the shoulders of Denmark’s new King. The serpent that did sting thy fathers life now wears his crown. Astonished, Hamlet swore vengeance for his father’s death. His efforts to prove his uncle’s guilt are hindered by his indecisiveness until he finally kills Claudius, while he himself is dying of poisoned wounds caused him by Laertes in their duel. The point envenomed too! Then venom, to thy work†¦Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane, drink off this potion,-is thy union here? Follow my mother. This left the Claudius dead, and King Hamlet’s death avenged, but at a grave cost to Hamlet. It is the lack of thought used in exacting their revenge which led to the deaths of both Laertes and Hamlet. The plan Laertes devised with Claudius to kill Hamlet with the poisoned tipped sword would have been successful, had they thought that the sword might be used against them, and panned accordingly. Laertes himself is at fault for his death for believing Claudius’ accusations that Hamlet had murdered his father. .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .postImageUrl , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:hover , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:visited , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:active { border:0!important; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:active , .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0 .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud3d4eab7026c5d13c993021fa4a09dd0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of the Roman Empire Essay If not for his own blind rage, Laertes may have listened to Hamlets explanation and apology for the murder of Polonius and could have avioded his early demise. I am satisfied in nature†¦to my revenge†¦I stand aloof†¦and will no reconcilement†¦But till that time, I do receive your offerd love like love, and will not wrong it. Instead he chose to fight Hamlet. He and wounds him fatally with the poisoned tipped sword, however, their swords become switched, and Hamlet inflicts the same wounds on with as those that had been inflicted on him. It is by these wounds that Laertes dies. Hamlet’s opportunities to kill his uncle were plentiful. However, his rage over-rided his intelligence and he waited; hoping to catch Claudius at a time he was committing an act of sin to strike him down, forcing him to spend eternity in a world of eternal damnation. Now might I do it pat, now he is praying;†¦A villain kills my father; and for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven. Unfortunately for Hamlet, the only sin Claudius commits is the poisoning of his own nephew. Young Fortinbras was the only character in the play who exacted his revenge without dying. He regains his fathers land, without use of violence, simply because Hamlet, Laertes and Claudius had all killed each other. His patience saved his life; Hamlet and Laertes’ haste had caused their deaths. Hamlet named him new ruler of Denmark before he dies, making him the new King of Denmark. A fitting end to Fortinbras’ intelligent, thought out plan to exact revenge for his father’s death. Revenge can be an invaluable tool to amass success and wealth, or it can be a fatal flaw that guarantees immanent death. It is a dangerous emotion, which can easily consume, however it can be used to great satisfaction. Perhaps it is these qualities that lead us to allow ourselves to act on its impulses. The lessons learned by both Hamlet and Laertes are something that should be remembered. Revenge is not to be taken lightly. When acted on this is one emotion that can definitely come back to haunt you.Bibliography:

What is environment an Example by

What is environment? We live in a world under siege from so many sectors whereby various instabilities threaten to make our future unsustainable. However, the greatest threat to humanity lies not in the prospect of nuclear annihilation but due to adverse effects brought about by environmental degradation. Various stakeholders in the fight to protect the environment has identified important aspects that need special attention if the global trend that has seen the terrifying destructions is to be stopped. The most important factor that has contributed greatly to environmental problems is globalization which has seen cut throat competition leading to complete disregard for environmental prudence in order to achieve economical success. It is a movement that seeks to leading to a complete global integration by removing barriers to international trade: unfortunately it leads to the exportation of vices all over the world. Need essay sample on "What is environment?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Industrial growth and lack of political will have led to increase in the amount of green house gas emissions that leading to global warming. Global warming is the significant and persistent rise in temperatures and its effect both in the short and long run is devastating (U S Environmental protection Agency, 2009). The need for raw material has led to over exploitation of nature leading to deforestation and over mining disrupting the ecology of many regions all over the world. Deforestation which is the destruction of forest cover which would normally cushion against global warming has taken a huge tall on the environment. Other practices like destruction of wetlands and farming on the banks of rivers have drastic consequences on the sustainability of important natural resources. Demand for such animal products has led to poaching which is the hunting of wild animals to sell their products. It has led to the diminishing of some animals and the extinction of others. Our Customers Often Tell EssayLab writers: How much do I have to pay someone to make my assignment online? Professional writers propose: It Is Very Easy And Convenient To Buy Essays Online Best Essay Writing Service Write My Essay For Me Cheap While the present environmental crisis has affected all in this world, Asia has been hit hard due to its manufacturing oriented economies. Furthermore, over population which is a major characteristic in Asia has played an important role in contributing to environmental degradation. Man has exploited the environment to enrich himself without due regard to the impact his greed is having on the environment. China is the largest polluter in Asia and rivaled only by the united sates in the world. It has the most polluted cities in the world due to the unwillingness of the government to introduce laws that will stop industries from blatant pollution of nature. The major reason why countries here fail to enact conservation policies is because its their attitude that such laws would increase the cost of production and hence slow down growth since it is the low cost of production that attracts foreign industries. Pollution therefore is rampant both in the air, water and destruction of nature including forests. There have been significant efforts to conserve the environment by increasing awareness. Proponents of conservation have called unto people to realize that it is unethical to exploit the environment without due regard to the impact of such exploitation. Many have argued that present generations have an obligation to preserve nature for their children and others to come. Others have argued that all living things have a right to care and protection from senseless harm and hence governments must enact laws to prohibit wanton destruction of nature (Hannigan, 2006). Many movements like going green have resulted to the use of biotechnology to cut down emissions to the environment and reduce global warming which ahs severe effects like drought, heat waves and increase in sea level. Others are working for a greener world among them koffi Annan by advocating for a forestation and better farming methods that are environment friendly. References Hannigan, J. (2006). Environmental sociology. New York: Routledge publishers. U S Environmental protection Agency. (2009). Ecosystems and biodiversity.

Mc Donalds free essay sample

What tactics did the activist investor William Ackman (Pershing Capital) pursue in his campaigns against Wendys and McDonalds? Briefly describe each tactic used and the way in which each tactic might help Ackman to achieve his goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Mc Donalds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What other tactics could Ackman have employed to achieve his goals? B. What did Ackman ultimately hope to achieve through his activism? What role, if any, did corporate governance issues play in Ackmans activist campaigns? C. With the benefit of hindsight, describe the alternative tactics that McDonalds management could have pursued in response to Ackmans display of activism? Would it have been possible for McDonalds management to maintain its resistance at any cost? D. In you view, who emerged as the winner in this activist standoff between Ackman and McDonalds? Explain why (supplying evidence in support of your arguments). A. What tactics did the activist investor William Ackman (Pershing Capital) pursue in his campaigns against Wendys and McDonalds? Briefly describe each tactic used and the way in which each tactic might help Ackman to achieve his goals. What other tactics could Ackman have employed to achieve his goals? Spin off A situation in which a company offers stock in one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries or dependent divisions such that subsidiary or division becomes an independent company. The parent company may or may not maintain a portion of ownership in the newly spun-off company. A company may conduct a spin-off for any number of reasons. For example, it may wish to divest itself of one industry so it can expand into another. It may also simply wish to profit from the sale of the subsidiary. A spin off should not be confused with a split off. | With implementing spin off, Wendy would be able to get independent from its parent operation chain Tim Horton’s dog nut. Even when Tim Horton’s Dog nut was a growth driver, representing 50 % of overall operating profits, the spinoff would promote tangible stock raising price. IPO will provide Horton’s value up to 4,48 billion. | Autonomous Operations from its subsidiary (Tim Horton’s)+ Confidence to Joint venture capital. Tax free transactionUnlock of Shareholder value. 72 M in equity , for 15% of Horton’s total shares. 15 % stock value increase after spinoff. | Being Tim Hortons the major growth agent of Wendy’s, and despite the sudden increase on stock value, the spin off revealed the not satisfactory long term value of Wendy’s , which leaded to a long term price decrease. Sale of large portion of the company’s restaurant to franchisees. | Ackman initiative included to sell more than 200 real estate sites, close 60 poorly performing stores and sale of hundreds of company owned restaurants. Profit increase of 25 %Reduction of debt by 100 mIncrease on equity and long term profits+ Funds to invest in growth and unexplored markets. + steady cash flow from franchisee fees. | Loss of potential plus value added equity: Real Estate. Lack of confidence on franchisees for the management of a solely entity with no company owned restaurants. | Share repurchases. A program by which a company buys back its own shares from the marketplace, reducing the number of outstanding shares. Share repurchase is usually an indication that the companys management thinks the shares are undervalued. The company can buy shares directly from the market or offer its shareholder the option to tender their shares directly to the company at a fixed price. | With the Horton’s spin off the appreciation of tangible benefits to shareholders’ dividends would be finally accountable in Wendy’s equity interest to shareholders. | Reduce the number of outstanding shares. + earnings / share+ price of Wendy’s shares. | Dependability of the dividend for investors: More important. As such, investors may invest more heavily in a stock with a dependable dividend than in a stock with less dependable repurchases. Asymmetric information on transaction details. | Avoidance of large acquisitions. | The strategy includes this provision to state the level of certainty for investors in Wendy’s transaction as a complementary key of the probable long term stock price decrease due to the spin off strategy, the reliability on stable company with long term outlook of growth will provide such a reflection in stock price. | + initiative for investors to keep its equity level I the company+ Increase on stock price. | Limitation for expansion in short term.

Mesopotamian and Egyptian influences on the Hebrews essays

Mesopotamian and Egyptian influences on the Hebrews essays The Mesopotamian myth of Atrahasis tells of the creation of humans as slaves to their gods. Atrahasis also tells of the destruction of all people by a deluge, save one man and his family, who were saved by divine intervention on the part of the god Enki. At the myths conclusion, Enki places reproductive restrictions on the people of earth, eliminating the need to destroy them again later. Enuma Elish, a second Mesopotamian creation story, begins in a time of watery, primeval chaos. The oldest generation of gods were called into being (Ideas, p.5) in male and female forms. The events that follow lead to a bloody battle, after which order is imposed onto the universes preexisting forms. This myth, from a different city and a later period in Mesopotamian history than Atrahasis, says that humans were created as a work of consummate art. The Hebrew myth of creation in many aspects reflects these two stories, such as the creation of heaven and earth without form...and the spirit of God...moving over the face of the waters (Ideas, p. 78), echoing the beginning of Enuma Elish. God speaks to create, in the same manner as the calling into being of the first Mesopotamian deities. God separated heaven and earth with the firmament (Ideas, p.80), imposing order on these already existing forms, much like Marduk did in Enuma Elish. People were created from dust similar to the clay used in both Mesopotamian myths, and imbued with a part of God, in male and female forms in our [Gods] likeness-thus, the Hebrews also believe that people are a consummate work of art (Ideas, p.79). This theory of peoples purpose primarily reflects the later Mesopotamian myth, but the idea of labor and suffering as human destiny is illustrated in the myths that follow the creation story, the &qu...

Advance coorperate finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advance coorperate finance - Essay Example Crown’s (Australia) FCFF grows continuously for the five years after which it takes a slight downward trend. This means at the fifth year of its operation it reaches maximum profitability level of the company beyond which level the expenses of the company increases resulting in decease in the FCFF of the company. The company projection has been made on the basis of both DCF and DDM approach where the former is 81.24 and the later is 50.27 which means that the market has been pessimistic for the duration of which the discounted cash flow and the dividend discount model has been computed. Contrarily the intrinsic value of the company being $4.46 as against the market price of the company at $9.06 indicates that the company shares are overvalued. Thus it will turn out to be beneficial for the sellers of the shares, while investors thinking of buying the shares of Crown should wait till the market price of the company dips a little. The P/E ratio of Crown is 20.46 while that of CN TY is 20.85; through this we can say that CNTY is in a better position than Crown. However, the higher P/E ratio is also an indication of the risk of the company being high as the market value of the company has fallen in comparison to the earning per share of the company. This effect can be brought about through the buyback of shares. (Cassia, Plati & Vismara 1-10). Mergers and Acquisitions Acquisition is a process which a firm enters into to gain control of the target company that is being acquired. It is one of the growth strategies of the company through which the company plans to expand its business. Crown Limited has acquired the Aspinall’s Club which is a high-end casino in London. This has enabled Crown to successfully operate in London while catering to the VIP business class leveraging the marketing and the sales capabilities of Crown in the international market. But as per the expectations of Crowns acquisition the returns for the company has not turned out to be a remarkable one. The other acquisition of the company is the Holiday Inn hotel which was entered into by the company on 11th May, 2011 to possess the assets in Perth that amounted to approximately $79 million. For the settlement of the equity derivatives the company acquired both Echo Entertainment Group and Tabcorp Holdings Limited. Most of the acquisition of the company did not show incredible results resulting in the increase in the capital expenditure of the company (Crown Limited, 2011). Segment Report The segmentation of the Crown Australia was done on the basis of geographically from Melbourne and Burswood. The major portion of the company’s sales is generated from Melbourne which is 71% while that of Burswood is 29%. The acquisition of the casino led to the VIP program. But due to heavy impact of stiff competition both Crown Burswood and Melbourne were affected by the reduction in the VIP program. Across the two properties of Crown in Australia, the main floor gaming revenue shot to 56% while its PM was 39% over the year in 2011. However, the non-gaming segmentation policy of Crown adopted by the company boosted its revenue in the non-gaming section by 22% while the PM was 16% benefitting the full year operation of the company. On the other hand, the strategy adopted by the company to source new customers from China helped them earn better VIP program revenue of $31 million from Crown Melbourne. Contrarily the major operational revenue of the company came from main floor gaming segment where Crown Melbourne gave $930,657 million while Crown Burswood added $413,770 million. Hedging Policy The company hedges the derivative instruments but does not use the process for trading purposes. The process of hedging is carried on fair value and the cash